HOODIA REFERENCES LISTED BY AUTHOR


ADD (Agricultural Development Division, Hawaii Department of Agriculture.  2019.  Hawaii Seals of Quality.  https://hdoa.hawaii.gov/add/md/seals-of-quality/  [Accessed 24 October 2019].

Aharon R.  2010.  Appetite suppressant.  United States Publication US 2010/0316736 A1. https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/a5/4e/38/d113e6bb59d807/US20100316736A1.pdf  [Accessed 15 November 2019]

Albers F, Meve U. 2001. A Karyological survey of Asclepiadoideae, Periplocoideae, and Secamonoideae, and evolutionary considerations within Apocynaceae s.l. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 88(4), 624-656. DOI:10.2307/3298637

Albers F, Meve U.  2004. Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants: Asclepidaceae. F Albers, U Meve, (eds).   Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.  ISBN 3540419640.

Amusan, L. 2017. Politics of Biopiracy: An Adventure into Hoodia/Xhoba Patenting in Southern Africa. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 14(1): 103-109.

AMS (Agricultural Marketing Service, USDA). 2000.  National Organic Program.  Final Rule.  Federal Register 65: 80547.  https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2000/12/21/00-32257/national-organic-program

Anonymous. 2006a. Protecting traditional knowledge: the San and hoodia. Bull World Health Organ 84(5): 345.

Anonymous. 2006b. Hoodia: lose weight without feeling hungry? Consum Rep 71(3): 49.

Anonymous (2019).  Hoodia. Medically reviewed by Drugs.com.  https://www.drugs.com/npp/hoodia.html  [Accessed 7 August 2020].

Avula, B, Wang YH, Isaac G, Yuk J, Wrona M, Yu K, Khan IA.  2017. Metabolic Profiling of Hoodia, Chamomile, Terminalia Species and Evaluation of Commercial Preparations Using Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Planta Med 83(16): 1297-1308.

Avula B, Wang YH, Pawar RS, Shukla YJ, Khan IA.  2007. Chemical fingerprinting of Hoodia species and related genera: chemical analysis of oxypregnane glycosides using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection in Hoodia gordonii. J AOAC Int 90(6): 1526-1531.

Avula B, Wang YH, Pawar RS, Shukla YJ, Schaneberg B, Khan IA. 2006. Determination of the appetite suppressant P57 in Hoodia gordonii plant extracts and dietary supplements by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-MSD-TOF) and LC-UV methods. J AOAC Int 89(3): 606-611.

Avula B, Wang YH, Pawar RS, Shukla YJ , Smillie TJ, Khan IA. 2008. A rapid method for chemical fingerprint analysis of Hoodia species, related genera, and dietary supplements using UPLC-UV-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 48(3): 722-731.

Avula B, Wang YH, Pawar RS, Shukla YJ, Smillie TJ, Khan IA.  2008. Identification and structural characterization of steroidal glycosides in Hoodia gordonii by ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 22(16): 2587-2596.

Bahmani M, Eftekhari Z, Saki K , Fazeli-Moghadam E, Jelodari M, Rafieian-Kopaei M. 2016. Obesity Phytotherapy: Review of Native Herbs Used in Traditional Medicine for Obesity. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 21(3): 228-234.

BIISC (Big Island Invasive Species Committee).  2019.  Plant Pono Endorsed Businesses.  https://www.biisc.org/endorsed-nurseries/ [Accessed 25 October 2019].

Blom WA, Abrahamse SL, Bradford R, Duchateau GS, Theis W, Orsi A, Ward CL, Mela DJ.  2011. Effects of 15-d repeated consumption of Hoodia gordonii purified extract on safety, ad libitum energy intake, and body weight in healthy, overweight women: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 94(5): 1171-1181.

Bruyns, PV. 1993. A revision of Hoodia and Lavrania (Asclepiadaceae – Stapelieae). Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 115(2):145-270.  Cited in Craven (2004a, 2004b, 2004c).  http://www.the-eis.com/data/literature/A%20revision%20of%20Hoodia%20and%20Lavrania.pdf [Accessed 22 November 2019).

Bruyns PV.  2006a. Chapter 4. Hoodia. In: Stapeliads of Southern Africa and Madagascar, Vol. I Hatfield, South Africa: Umdaus Press., 92-129.

Bruyns PV.  2006b. Chapter 21 Hybrids. In: Stapeliads of Southern Africa and Madagascar, Vol. II Hatfield, South Africa: Umdaus Press., 575-576.

Bruyns PV, Klak C, Hanacek P.  2014. Evolution of the stapeliads (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) – repeated major radiation across Africa in an Old World group. Mol Phylogenet Evol 77: 251-263.

CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity).  Undated. Case Study 7. The Commercial Development of Hoodia.  https://www.cbd.int/doc/meetings/abs/abswg-06/other/abswg-06-cs-07-en.pdf [Accessed 27October 2019].

CDFA (California Department of Food and Agriculture). 2019.  Permit No. QC 650.  Master Permit for the Shipment of Nursery Stock from Hawaii to California.  https://hdoa.hawaii.gov/pi/files/2018/04/QC-650-2017-2018.pdf  [accessed 25 October 2019].

Chimera, C.  2015a.  Assessment for Taxon:  Hoodia currorii.  https://plantpono.org/wp-content/uploads/Hoodia-currorii.pdf   [Accessed 29 October 2019].

Chimera, C.  2015b.  Assessment for Taxon:  Hoodia juttae. https://plantpono.org/wp-content/uploads/Hoodia-juttae.pdf  [Accessed 29 October 2019].

Chimera, C.  2015c.  Assessment for Taxon:  Hoodia gordonii.  https://plantpono.org/wp-content/uploads/Hoodia-gordonii.pdf [Accessed 29 October 2019].

Chimera, C.  2015d.  Assessment for Taxon:  Hoodia officinalis. https://plantpono.org/wp-content/uploads/Hoodia-officinalis.pdf  [Accessed 29 October 2019].

Chimera, C.  2015e.  Assessment for Taxon:  Hoodia parviflora. https://plantpono.org/wp-content/uploads/Hoodia-parviflora.pdf   [Accessed 29 October 2019].

Chimera, C.  2015f.  Assessment for Taxon:  Hoodia pilifera. https://plantpono.org/wp-content/uploads/Hoodia-pilifera.pdf   [Accessed 29 October 2019].

Chimera, C.  2015g.  Assessment for Taxon:  Hoodia ruschii. https://plantpono.org/wp-content/uploads/Hoodia-ruschii.pdf [Accessed 21 November 2019].

Cito MC, Silva MI, Santos K, Fernandes ML, F. Melo FH, J. Aguiar JA, Lopes IS, P. B. Sousa PB, S. M. Vasconcelos SM, D. S. Macedo DS and F. C. Sousa FC. 2015. Antidepressant-like effect of Hoodia gordonii in a forced swimming test in mice: evidence for involvement of the monoaminergic system. Braz J Med Biol Res 48(1): 57-64.

CNG (Certified Naturally Grown). 2019a. Certified Naturally Grown.  https://www.cngfarming.org/ [accessed 25 October 2019].

CNG (Certified Naturally Grown). 2019b. What is PGS?.  https://www.cngfarming.org/what_is_pgs?   [accessed 25 October 2019].

Craven, P. 2004a. Hoodia juttae. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004: e.T46820A11083684. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/46820/11083684 [accessed on 28 October 2019].

Craven, P. 2004b. Hoodia ruschii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004: e.T46821A11083749. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/46821/11083749  [accessed on 28 October 2019].

Craven P. 2004c. Hoodia triebneri. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004: e.T46822A11083812. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/46822/11083812 [accessed on 28 October 2019].

DAFFRSA (Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of South Africa).  No Date.  Hoodia (Asclepiadaceae).  https://www.daff.gov.za/docs/Brochures/hoodia.pdf  [Accessed 29 October 2019].

da Silva, F. G., Horta, L. P., de Oliveira Faria, R., Stehmann, J. R., & Modolo, L. V. (2014). Stressing conditions as tools to boost the biosynthesis of valuable plant natural products. Recent patents on biotechnology, 8(1), 89–101. https://doi.org/10.2174/1872208307666131218124836

Dall’Acqua S, Innocenti G.  2007. Steroidal glycosides from Hoodia gordonii. Steroids 72(6-7): 559-568.

Dent MP, Wolterbeek AP, Russell PJ, Bradford R.  2012a. Safety profile of Hoodia gordonii extract: rabbit prenatal developmental toxicity study. Food Chem Toxicol 50 Suppl 1: S26-33.

Dent MP, Wolterbeek AP, Russell PJ, Bradford R.  2012b. Safety profile of Hoodia gordonii extract: mouse prenatal developmental toxicity study. Food Chem Toxicol 50 Suppl 1: S20-25.

Dutt HC, Singh S, Avula B, Khan IA, Bedi YS.  2012. Pharmacological review of Caralluma R.Br. with special reference to appetite suppression and anti-obesity. J Med Food 15(2): 108-119.

Evans S. (2020).  Hoodia capsules are not appetite suppression bushmen style.  Better Body Chemistry.  https://betterbodychemistry.com/medical-spoons/hoodia-capsules-appetite-suppression-bushmen-style/ [Accessed 05 August 2020].

ESFA (European Food Safety Authority) 2017. Safety of dried aerial parts of Hoodia parviflora as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 258/97.  ESFA Journal 15(10): e05002.   DOI: https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.5002 .

Farrington R, Musgrave IF, Byard RW. 2019. Evidence for the efficacy and safety of herbal weight loss preparations. J Integr Med 17(2): 87-92.

FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2016.  Substances Generally Recognized as Safe, Final Rule.  Federal Register, 81: 54959-55055.

FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration).). 2020a.  Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS).  https://www.fda.gov/food/food-ingredients-packaging/generally-recognized-safe-gras   [Accessed 06 August 2020].

FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration).  2020b.  GRAS Notices.  https://www.cfsanappsexternal.fda.gov/scripts/fdcc/?set=GRASNotices&sort=GRN_No&order=DESC&startrow=1&type=basic&search=hoodia [Accessed 7 August 2020].

Fern K.  2019. Tropical Plants Database. 2019-11-03. <tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Hoodia+alstonii> [Accessed 03 November 2019].

Figlewicz DP, Ioannou G, Bennett Jay J, Kittleson S, Savard C, Roth CL.  2009. Effect of moderate intake of sweeteners on metabolic health in the rat. Physiol Behav 98(5): 618-624.

FWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) 2019a.  Permits.  Frequently Asked Questions and Facts Index “S”. https://www.fws.gov/permits/faqs/FaqS.html  [accessed 21 July 2019].

FWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service).  2019b. Endangered Species Home.  Search Endangered Species Database.  https://www.fws.gov/endangered/ [accessed 27 October 2019].

FWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service).  2019c. International Affairs.  CITES Species Information.  Hoodia.  https://www.fws.gov/international/plants/hoodia.html [accessed 27 October 2019].

Gathier G, van der Niet T, Peelen T, van Vugt RR, Eurlings MC, Gravendeel B. 2013. Forensic identification of CITES protected slimming cactus (Hoodia) using DNA barcoding. J Forensic Sci 58(6): 1467-1471.

Geoffroy P, Ressault B, Marchioni E,  Miesch M.  2011. Synthesis of Hoodigogenin A, aglycone of natural appetite suppressant glycosteroids extracted from Hoodia gordonii. Steroids 76(7): 702-708.

Hara A, Niino-DuPonte R, Jacobsen C.  2001.  Root mealybugs of Quarantine Significance in Hawaii.  Insect Pests.  March 2001. IP-6.  Cooperative Extension Service, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Relations, University of Hawaii, Manoa.https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/oc/freepubs/pdf/IP-6.pdf   [Accessed 04 August 2020].

Harcum H.  2019.  E-mail communication, July 3, 2019 from Heather Harcum, Permits Biologist, International Affairs, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Falls Church, Virginia.

Hoodia Ranch.  2019.  Hoodia Ranch, a Canarian Owned Company.  http://www.hoodiaranch.com/about.html [Accessed 7 November 2019].

Hooper, P. L., Hooper, P. L., Tytell, M., & Vígh, L. (2010). Xenohormesis: health benefits from an eon of plant stress response evolution. Cell stress & chaperones, 15(6), 761–770. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12192-010-0206-x

HPWRA (Hawaii-Pacific Weed Risk Assessment).  2019a. Hawai‘i Pacific Weed Risk Assessment Site.  https://sites.google.com/site/weedriskassessment/home [accessed 25 October 2019].

HPWRA (Hawaii-Pacific Weed Risk Assessment).  2019b. Assessments Last Updated 10/23/19. https://50571601-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com/site/weedriskassessment/assessments/All_HPWRA.pdf?attachauth=ANoY7crTXkI_9oLvCyXEzB0GeoJAzqOYpSFhkqi5WOz8xlbhwF6zy9LsOlrt4I2JKQYdI46iOlvSo4ffHIqSRAUUd4ieBuBwmIBYZmUTDnMczs2goElwdzsASy4ZIA2ffMCNknqS7OuTn0Pgc_HqcsitaNfHguzr8BlK-hFh74pH6cgIOo1fkCw12d5fuz16VsJW3nDDVXyODasptZF3DT9ZWKQSx3UIt3OIRHEFHK9xrdBfEQT7MB8%3D&attredirects=1 [accessed 25 October 2019].

iNaturalist.org.  2019.  Hoodia mossamedensis. https://inaturalist.nz/taxa/700625-Hoodia-mossamedensis [Assessed 22 November 2019].

iNaturalist.org 2019.  Photos of Hoodia pedicellata. https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/587550-Hoodia-pedicellata/browse_photos [Accessed November 22, 2019].

IFOAM (International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements).  IFOAM Organics International.  Cultivating Change.  https://www.ifoam.bio/ [accessed 25 October 2019].

IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature).  2018.  Version 2018-1.  The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™.  http://www.iucnredlist.org/search  [accessed 27 October 2018].

IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature).  2019.  Version 2019-2.  The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™.  http://www.iucnredlist.org/search  [accessed 27 October 2019].

IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature).  2019b. Pages in category “IUCN Red List least concern species”.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:IUCN_Red_List_least_concern_species [Accessed  17 November 2019].

ISSG (Invasive Species Specialist Group of the IUCN Species Survival Commission) 2019.  Global Invasive Species Database.  http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/  [accessed 25 October 2019].

Janssen HG, Swindells C, Gunning P, Wang W, Grun C, Mahabir K, Maharaj VJ, Apps PJ.  2008. Quantification of appetite suppressing steroid glycosides from Hoodia gordonii in dried plant material, purified extracts and food products using HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS methods. Anal Chim Acta 617(1-2): 200-207.

Kapewangolo P, Knott M, Shithigona RE, Uusiku SL, Kandawa-Schulz M.  2016. In vitro anti-HIV and antioxidant activity of Hoodia gordonii (Apocynaceae), a commercial plant product. BMC Complement Altern Med 16(1): 411.

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019a.  Planta of the World Online. Hoodia alstonii (N.E.Br.) Plowes.  http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:964729-1  [Accessed 16 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019b.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia currorii (Hook.) Decne.  http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:98337-1#children [Accessed 16 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019c.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia dregei N.E.Br.  http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:98339-1 [Accessed 18 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019d.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia flava (N.E.Br.) Plowes.  http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:964732-1 [Accessed 18 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia grandis (N.E.Br.) Plowes.  http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:964733-1 [Accessed 22 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019e.  Planta of the World Online. Hoodia juttae Dinter. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:98344-1  [Accessed 18 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019f.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia mossamedensis (L.C.Leach) Plowes http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:964734-1 [Accessed 18 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019g.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia officinalis (N.E.Br.) Plowes.  http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:964735-1 [Accessed 18 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019h.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia pilifera (L.f.) Plowes.  http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:964737-1 [Accessed 17 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019i.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia parviflora N.E.Br. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:98349-1 [Accessed 17 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019j.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia pedicellata (Schinz) Plowes. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:964736-1  [Accessed 17 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019k.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia ruschii Dinter.  http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:98352-1  [Accessed 17 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019l.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia triebneri (Nel) Bruyns.  http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972990-1  [Accessed 17 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019m.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia Sweet ex Decne. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972990-1   [Accessed 17 November 2019].

Kew (Kew Royal Botanic Gardens).  2019m.  Planta of the World Online.  Hoodia gordonii (Masson) Sweet ex Decne.  http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:98342-1 [Accessed 7 November 2019].

Knight TL, Swindells CM, Craddock AM, Maharaj VJ, Buchwald-Werner S, Ismaili SA, McWilliam SC.  2012. Cultivation practices and manufacturing processes to produce Hoodia gordonii extract for weight management products. Food Chem Toxicol 50 Suppl 1: S1-5.

Komarnytsky S, Esposito D, Poulev A, Raskin I.  2013. Pregnane glycosides interfere with steroidogenic enzymes to down-regulate corticosteroid production in human adrenocortical H295R cells. J Cell Physiol 228(5): 1120-1126.

Landor M, Benami A, Segev N, Loberant B.  2015. Efficacy and acceptance of a commercial Hoodia parviflora product for support of appetite and weight control in a consumer trial.J Med Food. 18(2):250-8. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2013.0178. Epub 2014 Dec 2.

Le Nevé, B., Foltz, M., Daniel, H., & Gouka, R. (2010). The steroid glycoside H.g.-12 from Hoodia gordonii activates the human bitter receptor TAS2R14 and induces CCK release from HuTu-80 cells. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 299(6), G1368–G1375. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00135.2010

Lee RA, Balick MJ.  2007. Indigenous use of Hoodia gordonii and appetite suppression. Explore (NY) 3(4): 404-406.

Lev-Yadun S, Mirsky N. (2007). False satiation: The probable antiherbivory strategy of Hoodia gordonii. Funct Plant Sci Biotechnol 1:56-7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89230-4_10

Liu S, Chen Z, Wu J, Wang L, Wang H, Zhao W.  2013. Appetite suppressing pregnane glycosides from the roots of Cynanchum auriculatum. Phytochemistry 93: 144-153.

LLIFLE (2019).  The Encyclopedia of Succulents. LLIFLE – Encyclopedia of Living Forms.  http://www.llifle.com/Encyclopedia/SUCCULENTS/Family/Asclepiadaceae/25794/Hoodia_alstonii [Accessed 03 November 2019].

Lynch B, Lau A, Baldwin N, Hofman-Huther H, Bauter MR,  Marone PA.  2013. Genotoxicity of dried Hoodia parviflora aerial parts. Food Chem Toxicol 55: 272-278.

Lynch B, Lau A, Baldwin N, Bauter MR, Marone PA.  2013. Subchronic and reproductive toxicity of whole dried Hoodia parviflora aerial parts in the rat. Food Chem Toxicol 56: 313-324.

MacLean, D. B., & Luo, L. G. (2004). Increased ATP content/production in the hypothalamus may be a signal for energy-sensing of satiety: studies of the anorectic mechanism of a plant steroidal glycoside. Brain research, 1020(1-2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2004.04.041

Madgula VL, Avula B, Pawar RS, Shukla YJ, Khan IA, Walker LA,  Khan SI. 2010. Characterization of in vitro pharmacokinetic properties of hoodigogenin A from Hoodia gordonii. Planta Med 76(1): 62-69.

Madgula VL, Avula B, Pawar RS, Shukla YJ, Khan IA, Walker LA,  Khan SI.  2008. In vitro metabolic stability and intestinal transport of P57AS3 (P57) from Hoodia gordonii and its interaction with drug metabolizing enzymes. Planta Med 74(10): 1269-1275.

Madgula VL, Ashfaq MK, Wang YH, Avula B, Khan, IA, Walker LA, Khan SI.  2010. Bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution of the oxypregnane steroidal glycoside P57AS3 (P57) from Hoodia gordonii in mouse model. Planta Med 76(14): 1582-1586.

Merk, D., & Schubert-Zsilavecz, M. (2015). Natural compound renews hope for diabetes and obesity therapeutic target. Future medicinal chemistry, 7(7), 833–835. https://doi.org/10.4155/fmc.15.40

Mizrahi, M., Ben Ya’acov, A., Adar, T., Levy Sklair, M., Gaska, S., & Ilan, Y. (2019). Oral Administration of Hoodia parviflora Alleviates Insulin Resistance and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Journal of medicinal food, 22(12), 1189–1198. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2019.0093

Mohlapo TD, Ng’ambi JW, Norris D, Malatje MM.  2009. Effect of Hoodia gordonii meal supplementation at finisher stage on productivity and carcass characteristics of Ross 308 broiler chickens. Trop Anim Health Prod 41(7): 1591-1596.

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Pawar RS, Shukla YJ, Khan SI, Avula B, Khan IA.  2007. New oxypregnane glycosides from appetite suppressant herbal supplement Hoodia gordonii. Steroids 72(6-7): 524-534.

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Philippou OA, Minnaar-Ontong A, Swart WJ, van Biljon A.  2013. First Report of Fusarium oxysporum Causing Wilt on Hoodia gordonii in South Africa. Plant Dis 97(1): 140.

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Raimondo, D. 2008. Hoodia pilifera (L.f.) Plowes subsp. pilifera. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2017.1. http://redlist.sanbi.org/species.php?species=2705-25 [Assessed 21 November 2019].

Raimondo D, Victor JE, Bester SP. 2005. Hoodia dregei N.E.Br. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2017.1 http://redlist.sanbi.org/species.php?species=2705-10 [Accessed 22 November 2019].

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Roza, O, Lovasz N, Zupko I, Hohmann J, Csupor D.  2013. Sympathomimetic activity of a Hoodia gordonii product: a possible mechanism of cardiovascular side effects. Biomed Res Int 2013: 171059.

Rumalla CS, Avula B, Shukla YJ, Wang YH, Pawar RS, Smillie TJ, Khan IA.  2008. Chemical fingerprint of Hoodia species, dietary supplements, and related genera by using HPTLC. J Sep Sci 31(22): 3959-3964.

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